On current risk factors associated with stroke types across gender and age in Southern Nigeria

A. Iduseri; P. Opoggen

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Published: 2025-11-24

Keywords:

multinomial logistic regression, infectious risk factors, traditional risk factors, Stroke types

A. Iduseri

Department of Statistics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

P. Opoggen

Department of Statistics, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and remains one of the main causes of death in Nigeria, with its economic impact on the rise. Over the years, hospital-based studies in Nigeria often only report the traditional risk factors, with high blood pressure as the leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease, particularly stroke, in the country, without reporting any infectious risk factors. In this study, we will statistically assess all probable traditional and infectious risk factors associated with stroke. We aim to identify the current significant risk factors related to the prevalent type of stroke in Nigeria. This was a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary referral hospital, Federal Medical Centre (FMC), in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria. We conducted a retrospective audit of medical records from 2019 to 2022 for adult stroke patients admitted to the medical ward. Data extracted included demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and relevant data. Identified risk factors associated with stroke types across gender and age were
investigated using multinomial logistic regression. From the result, out of the recorded 907 stroke patients, 457 (50.39%) were female, while 450 (49.61%) were males. The age group (61-80) had more recorded cases totaling 426(47%). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, malaria, and pneumonia were the significant risk factors associated with the prevalent stroke type. Therefore, there is a need to step up measures aimed at increasing public awareness of emerging infectious risk factors associated with stroke and effective preventive measures. Prioritizing interventions directed towards cost-effective treatment of hospitalized stroke patients is imperative as this will hopefully improve the overall outcomes in resource-constrained settings such as Nigeria.

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Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025)

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How to Cite

Iduseri, A., & Opoggen, P. (2025). On current risk factors associated with stroke types across gender and age in Southern Nigeria. Benin Journal of Statistics, 8(1), 60– 71. https://bjs-uniben.org/index.php/home/article/view/44

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